J.B. Russell

Reportage: The Senegal River Basin: Water is Life

The Senegal River Basin lies in the Western Sahel, the transition zone between the Sahara desert to the north and the Sudanian savannas to the south. It is in these transition zones where climatic changes are most evident. Rainy seasons are short and the region suffers from prolonged periods of drought. As a result, the Senegal River Basin is generally associated with parched landscapes, poverty and emigration. Millions have left in search of work and a means of supporting their communities. The impact of revenue sent to the Senegal River Basin from abroad is beginning to change the socio-economic landscape of the region. As global warming produces ever more erratic and extreme weather conditions, the key to life and long-term development in the drought-plagued Senegal River Basin is the management of its most rare and essential resource: water. These pictures were taken during the Sahel rainy season, the brief window of time during the otherwise scorched year when water is abundant, life explodes, the landscape transforms and we see the region in a way other than an arid canvas of misery that produces a steady stream of economic and climatic migrants.

A Peul man in the streets of Selibaby.Selibaby, Mauritania. Photo © J.B. Russell
  
A woman with a calabash on her head walking in the streets of Selibaby under a sky threatening rain.Selibaby, Mauritania.Photo © J.B. Russell
  
A thunderstorm crossing the Sahel landscape during the rainy season.Namandery, Senegal.Photo © J.B. Russell
     
  
The rain falls on a green landscape during the rainy season in the Sahel.Namandeny, Senegal.Photo © J.B. Russell
  
Water floods the main street of the town after a thunderstorm. This region of the Sahel is subject to flooding during the rainy season due to lack of infrastructure and water managment systems. Selibaby, Mauritania.Photo © J.B. Russell
  
People crossing the hospital wadi after a thunderstorm during the rainy season. The Sahel region is subject to flooding due to a lack of infrastructure and water management systems.Selibaby, Mauritania.Photo © J.B. Russell
     
  
A health and maternity post constructed in 2008 with the help of migrant workers and the technical support of the French NGO the GRDR. Malaria and other tropical diseases are prevelent and pose a serious health problems for the local community during the rainy season.Tourime, Senegal.Photo © J.B. Russell
  
Samba Keita, president of the parents association of the local school at a new school building constructed with the support of migrant workers in France. In this region of the Sahel, a large number of men emmigrate abroad, most notably to France, to find work. The money that the migrants send home helps develop their region. Ololdou, Senegal.Photo © J.B. Russell
  
Villagers fetching water from a water pump drilled with the help of money sent home by immigrants working abroad and the French NGO the GRDR. Namandery, Senegal.Photo © J.B. Russell
     
  
A young boy on a horse in a rural village. In the Sahel region drought and poverty force a large number of men to emmigrate abroad, particularly to France, to find work. The money they send home helps in the development of the region.Ololdou, Senegal.Photo © J.B. Russell
  
Shepherds graze their animals under a rainbow that stretches over a green landscape during the rainy season in the Western Sahel.Namandery, Senegal.Photo © J.B. Russell
  
Children wash and play in rivers filled with water during the rainy season in the Senegal River basin.Ololdou, Senegal.Photo © J.B. Russell
     
  
A young girl takes water from a reservoir created by a dam designed to retain water from the rainy season for the community. Water seepage from the reservoir helps supply the water table and local wells as well as irrigation for agriculture. Gourel Dialloube, Senegal. Photo © J.B. Russell
  
Men from a Moor village on a dam that was constructed with the support of the French NGO the GRDR to improve water management in this part of the Sahel region.Seibath, Mali.Photo © J.B. Russell
  
A man from a Moor village on a dam constructed with the support of the French NGO the GRDR to improve water management in this part of the Western Sahel region.Seibath, Mali.Photo © J.B. Russell
     
  
Saly Soumare, project chief, visits a dam constructed with the support of the French NGO the GRDR to improve water management and rice irrigation in this part of the Western Sahel region.Moussala, Mali.Photo © J.B. Russell
  
Moussa Dianor, a former migrant worker in France, working in his rice fields with his sons. An irrigation project funded by migrant workers abroad permits rice cultivation in this part of the Western Sahel.Orkadiere, SenegalPhoto © J.B. Russell
  
A village woman in the courtyard of typical Solinke home.Moussala, Mali. 11/09/2010.Photo © J.B. Russell
     
  
Villagers on a mule cart passing corn fields during the rainy season in the Sahel.Namandery, Senegal.Photo © J.B. Russell
  
A Peul shepherd on a tarmaced road in the Western Sahel region.Tourime, Senegal. Photo © J.B. Russell
  
The town of Bakel along the banks of the Senegal River which traces the frontiere between Senegal and Mauritania.Bakel, Sénégal.Photo © J.B. Russell
     
  
Market day. Improvements in infrastructure, notably road construction, has helped economic development in the region.Orkadiere, Senegal.Photo © J.B. Russell
  
People embarking on pirogues, traditional wooden sail boats, to cross the Senegal River.Kayes, Mali.Photo © J.B. Russell
  
A woman washes clothes in the Senegal River under a bridge that spans the river in the center of town.Kayes, Mali.Photo © J.B. Russell
     
  
A man puts laundry out to dry in the sun along the banks of the Senegal River.Bakel, Senegal.Photo © J.B. Russell
  
Women having henna designes painted onto their skin in the street in preparation for El-Aid, the Muslim holiday marking the end of the holy month of Ramadan.Kayes, Mali.Photo © J.B. Russell
  
Thanks to a hydro-electric dam project on the Senegal River, the streets of Bakel are now lit by street lamps.Bakel, Senegal.Photo © J.B. Russell
     
  
Men and women from a Moor village in the Western Sahel region of the Senegal River Basin.Seibath, Mali. 11/09/2010.Photo © J.B. Russell